A physical mechanism to explain the delivery of chemical penetration enhancers into skin during transdermal sonophoresis — Insight into the observed synergism

A physical mechanism to explain the delivery of chemical penetration enhancers into skin during transdermal sonophoresis - Insight into the observed synergism.

The synergism between low-frequency sonophoresis (LFS) and chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs), especially surfactants, in transdermal enhancement has been investigated extensively since this phenomenon was first observed over a decade ago. In spite of the identifying that the origin of this synergism is the increased penetration and subsequent dispersion of CPEs in the skin in response to LF...

An Investigation into the Effect of Various Penetration Enhancers on Percutaneous Absorption of Piroxicam

Achieving a desirable percutaneous absorption of drug molecule is a major concern in formulating dermatological products. The use of penetration enhancers could provide a successful mean for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating a few common penetration enhancers (in different concentrations) into a 0.5% w/w piroxicam (model drug) gel formulation, on th...

Chemical and Physical Enhancers for Transdermal Drug Delivery

José Juan Escobar-Chávez1,*, Isabel Marlen Rodríguez-Cruz2 and Clara Luisa Domínguez-Delgado2 1Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Laboratorio 12: Materiales Nanoestructurados y Sistemas Transdérmicos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán–Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 2Departamen...

An Investigation into the Effect of Various Penetration Enhancers on Percutaneous Absorption of Piroxicam

Achieving a desirable percutaneous absorption of drug molecule is a major concern in formulating dermatological products. The use of penetration enhancers could provide a successful mean for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating a few common penetration enhancers (in different concentrations) into a 0.5% w/w piroxicam (model drug) gel formulation, on th...

Mitophagy: New Insight into the Cardiovascular Aging